1. Bonding and shapes of organic molecules.—Electronegativity, electron displacements— inductive, mesomeric and hyperconjugative effects; bond polarity and bond polarizability, dipole moments of organic molecules; hydrogen bond; effects of solvent and structure on dissociation constants of acids and bases; bond formation, fission of covalent bonds ; homolysis and heterolysis; reaction intermediates—carbonations, carbanions, free radicals and carbenes; generation, geometry and stability; nucleophiles and electrophiles.
2. Chemistry of aliphatic compounds.—Nomenclature; alkenes—synthesis, reactions (free radical halogenation) — reactivity and selectivity, sulphonation—detergents; cycloalkanes-Baeyer's strain theory; alkenes and alkynes—synthesis, electrohilic addition reactions, Markownikov's rule, peroxide affects, 1, 3—dipolar addition; nucleophilic addition to electron-deficient alkenes; polymerisation; relative acidity; synthesis and reactions of alkyl halides, alkanols, alkanals, alkanones, alkanoic acids, esters, amides, nitriles, amines, acid anhydrides, £, 6" unsaturated ketones, ethers and nitro compounds.
3. Stereochemistry of carbon compounds.—Elements of symmetry, chiral and achiral compounds. Fischer projection formulae; optical isomerism of lactic and tartaric acids, enantiomerism and diastereoisomerism; configuration (relative and absolute); conformations of alkanes upto four carbons, cyclohexane and dimethylcyclo hexanes—their potential energy. D, L- and R, S-notations of compounds containing chiral centres; projection formulae—Fischer, Newman and Sawhorse—of compounds containing two adjacent chiral centres; meso and dl-isomers, erythro and threoisomers; racemization and resolution; examples of homotopic, enantiotopic and diasteretopic atoms and groups in organic compounds, geometrical isomers; E and Z notations. Stereochemistry of SN1, SN2, E1 and E2 reactions.
4. Organometallic compounds.—Preparation and synthetic uses of Grignard reagents, alkyl lithium compounds.
5. Active methylene compounds.—Diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cyanoacetate— applications in organic synthesis; tautomerism (ketoenol).
6. Chemistry of aromatic compounds.—Aromaticity; Huckel's rule; electrophilic aromatic substitution—nitration, sulphonation, halogenation (nuclear and side chain), Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, substituents effect; chemistry and reactivity of aromatic halides, phenols, nitro-, diazo, diazonium and sulphonic acid derivatives, benzyne reactions.
7. Chemistry of biomolecules.—
   1. Carbohydrates Classification, reactions, structure of glucose, D, L-configuration, osazone formation; fructose and sucrose; step-up and step-down of aldoses and ketoses, and their interconversions, (
   2. Amino Acids : Essential amino acids; zwitterions, isoelectric point, polypeptides; proteins; methods of synthesis of £ amino acids.
   3. Elementary idea of oils, fats, soaps and detergents.
8. Basic principles and applications.—Of UV, visible, IR and NMR spectroscopy of simple organic molecules.

NEXT PAGE

BACK